Automating Finance: What to Automate and When

A practical guide to finance automation for startups—which tasks to automate first, what tools to use, and how to implement without disrupting operations.

Last Updated: December 2024|14 min read

Finance teams spend enormous amounts of time on manual, repetitive tasks: entering transactions, chasing receipts, copying data between systems, and formatting reports. Much of this work can be automated, freeing your team to focus on analysis and strategic work.

But automation isn't free—it requires time to implement, ongoing maintenance, and sometimes significant software costs. The key is knowing what to automate, when to automate it, and how to do it without creating more problems than you solve.

The Goal of Automation

Automation should help you close the books faster, reduce errors, improve visibility, and let your team work on higher-value activities. If automation doesn't achieve at least one of these goals, reconsider whether it's worth the effort.

Why Automate Finance?

Before diving into what to automate, let's understand the why. Automation isn't just about efficiency—it provides multiple benefits.

Time Savings

Automated expense categorization, reconciliation, and data entry can save 20-30+ hours per month. That's time your team can spend on analysis instead of data entry.

Reduced Errors

Manual data entry introduces errors. Automation eliminates transcription mistakes and ensures consistent categorization and calculations.

Faster Close

Automated reconciliation and data flows mean you can close the books in days instead of weeks. Faster close means faster decisions.

Real-Time Visibility

Automated data feeds mean you can see cash, revenue, and expenses in near real-time, not just after month-end close.

The ROI Case

Example: A startup spending 10 hours/week on manual expense management and reconciliation.

Manual time per month:40 hours
Cost at $50/hour:$2,000/month
Expense management tool cost:$300-500/month
Net savings:$1,500+/month

Plus reduced errors, faster close, and better employee experience.

What to Automate

Not everything should be automated. Focus on tasks that are: (1) repetitive, (2) rule-based, (3) time-consuming, and (4) error-prone. Here are the highest-impact areas for finance automation.

High Priority: Automate First

Expense Management

Replace manual expense reports and receipt collection with automated capture and categorization.

What to automate:

  • Receipt capture (photos → records)
  • Expense categorization
  • Approval workflows
  • Sync to accounting software

Tools:

Ramp, Brex, Expensify, Airbase

Time saved:

5-15 hours/month

Bank Reconciliation

Automatically match bank transactions to accounting records instead of manual line-by-line reconciliation.

What to automate:

  • Bank feed import
  • Transaction matching
  • Categorization rules
  • Exception flagging

Tools:

Built into QBO, Xero, NetSuite

Time saved:

3-8 hours/month

Payroll Processing

Automate payroll calculations, tax withholdings, and payments instead of manual spreadsheet calculations.

What to automate:

  • Payroll calculations
  • Tax withholdings and filings
  • Direct deposits
  • Accounting entries

Tools:

Gusto, Rippling, Deel

Time saved:

5-10 hours/month

Accounts Payable

Automate invoice processing, approval workflows, and payment execution instead of manual invoice management.

What to automate:

  • Invoice capture (email, scan)
  • Data extraction (OCR)
  • Approval routing
  • Payment scheduling

Tools:

Bill.com, Ramp, Airbase, Tipalti

Time saved:

5-15 hours/month

Medium Priority: Automate Next

Revenue Recognition (SaaS)

For SaaS companies, automate the calculation of recognized vs. deferred revenue instead of manual spreadsheet tracking.

Tools:

Stripe Revenue Recognition, Maxio, Chargebee

Financial Reporting

Automate the generation of standard financial reports and dashboards instead of manual Excel manipulation.

Tools:

Mosaic, Runway, Jirav, or accounting software built-in reports

Metrics Dashboards

Automate the collection and display of key metrics (ARR, CAC, runway) instead of manual spreadsheet updates.

Tools:

Mosaic, ChartMogul, Baremetrics, Metabase

Automation by Stage

The right level of automation depends on your stage. Don't over-invest early, but don't fall behind as you scale.

Seed Stage

Focus on basics. Don't over-engineer.

Should Have

  • Cloud accounting (QBO/Xero)
  • Automated bank feeds
  • Payroll service (Gusto)
  • Corporate card with basic tracking

Probably Overkill

  • Dedicated FP&A software
  • Complex approval workflows
  • Revenue recognition tools

Series A

Add automation as pain points emerge.

Should Have

  • Expense management (Ramp/Brex)
  • AP automation (Bill.com)
  • Automated reconciliation rules
  • Basic approval workflows

Consider

  • FP&A tool for forecasting
  • Revenue recognition (if SaaS)
  • Metrics dashboard

Series B

Comprehensive automation to support scale.

Should Have

  • Full expense/AP automation
  • FP&A platform
  • Automated reporting
  • Revenue recognition automation

Consider

  • ERP upgrade (NetSuite)
  • Advanced analytics/BI
  • Treasury management

Tool Recommendations

Here are tools we commonly recommend to startups at different stages. This isn't exhaustive, but represents well-proven options.

CategorySeed/Series ASeries B+
AccountingQuickBooks Online, XeroNetSuite, Sage Intacct
Expense/Corporate CardRamp, BrexRamp, Airbase, Navan
AP AutomationBill.com, RampBill.com, Tipalti, Coupa
PayrollGustoRippling, ADP
Payroll (International)Deel, RemoteDeel, Papaya Global
FP&ASpreadsheets, RunwayMosaic, Jirav, Cube
Revenue/BillingStripe BillingMaxio, Chargebee, Zuora
Metrics DashboardChartMogul, BaremetricsMosaic, Metabase, Looker

Integration Is Key

Choose tools that integrate well with each other and with your accounting software. The value of automation is diminished if you're manually transferring data between systems. Check integration capabilities before committing.

Implementation Tips

Implementing automation successfully requires planning. Here's how to avoid common pitfalls.

1

Start with One Process

Don't try to automate everything at once. Pick the highest-pain process, implement it well, then move to the next. Expense management is often the best starting point.

2

Document the Current Process First

Before automating, understand exactly how the process works today. What are the steps? Who does what? Where are the handoffs? Automation should improve a defined process, not create one.

3

Run Parallel for One Month

When implementing new tools, run the old and new process in parallel for at least one month. Compare results, catch issues, and build confidence before fully switching over.

4

Train the Team

Automation only works if people use it correctly. Invest time in training, create documentation, and identify power users who can help others.

5

Maintain Exception Handling

No automation handles 100% of cases. Design clear processes for exceptions and edge cases. Someone should be reviewing what automation can't handle.

Timing Warning

Don't implement new finance tools during month-end close, quarter-end, or right before a fundraise. Schedule implementations for relatively calm periods. The first two weeks of a month are usually best.

What Not to Automate

Some things should stay manual—at least until you're at significant scale.

Strategic Decisions

Automation can provide data and analysis, but pricing decisions, investment choices, and resource allocation should involve human judgment.

Exception Review

Unusual transactions, large payments, and edge cases should have human review. Don't fully automate payment approval for high-value items.

Vendor Relationships

Negotiations, relationship management, and vendor selection benefit from human interaction. Automate the transactional, not the relational.

Board and Investor Communication

While you can automate report generation, the narrative, analysis, and presentation to stakeholders should be human-crafted.

Complex Judgments

Revenue recognition for unusual contracts, capitalization decisions, and accounting estimates require professional judgment, not algorithms.

Measuring Success

How do you know if your automation investments are paying off? Track these metrics:

Time to Close

How many days does it take to close the books? Good automation should reduce this over time. Track month-over-month progress.

Error Rate

How many corrections do you make post-close? Track adjusting entries and restatements. Automation should reduce these.

Team Time on Manual Tasks

How many hours does your team spend on data entry and reconciliation? Track this and aim to shift time to analysis.

Report Turnaround

How quickly can you answer ad-hoc questions? If automation is working, you should be able to pull data faster.

Benchmark Targets

MetricSeedSeries ASeries B
Monthly close (days)15105-7
Manual data entry (hrs/mo)20+10-15<10
Post-close adjustments5+2-3<2

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Need Help with Finance Automation?

Eagle Rock CFO helps startups implement the right finance tools and processes. Let's discuss what automation makes sense for your stage.

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